Re-Designing Refugee Communities, Settlement Design, Large Community Site Design

Discussion in 'The big picture' started by Marcus Busby, Sep 19, 2015.

  1. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    WHY GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN A REFUGEE SETTLEMENT ? (2/6)
    Peer-reviewed papers (with links) to support the proposition

    Cognitif / Cognitive


    Effet positif sur la capacité ou la fonction cognitive
    Positive effect on cognitive ability or function

    restauration attentionnel
    Attentional restoration
    (Fuller et al., 2007, Herzog et al., 1997, Bodin and Hartig, 2003, Han, 2010 and Hartig et al., 1991)


    Fatigue / fatigue mentale réduite
    Reduced mental fatigue/fatigue
    (Kuo and Sullivan, 2001a, Park et al., 2011, Fjeld et al., 1998 and Kuo, 2001)


    Réduire la confusion
    Reduced confusion
    (Park et al., 2011 and Pretty et al., 2005)


    Amélioration de la performance / opportunités d'éducation / d'apprentissage scolaire
    Improved academic performance/education/learning opportunities
    (Blair, 2009, Matsuoka, 2008, Taylor and Kuo, 2006 and Wu, 2014)


    Amélioration de la fonction cognitive
    Improved cognitive function
    (Shin et al., 2011 and Berman et al., 2008)


    Amélioration de la fonction cognitive les enfants
    Improved cognitive function in children
    (Wells, 2000)


    Amélioration de la productivité / capacité à effectuer des tâches l'attitude positive / lieu de travail
    Improved productivity/ability to perform tasks/positive workplace attitude
    (Bringslimark et al., 2007 and Lottrup et al., 2013)


    Amélioration de la productivité / capacité à effectuer des tâches l'attitude positive / lieu de travail
    Improved productivity/ability to perform tasks/positive workplace attitude
    (Bringslimark et al., 2007 and Lottrup et al., 2013)
     
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  2. Marcus Busby

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    WHY GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN A REFUGEE SETTLEMENT ? (3/6)
    Peer-reviewed papers (with links) to support the proposition


    Physiologique / Physiological


    Effet positif sur la fonction physique et / ou la santé physique
    Positive effect on physical function and/or physical health


    Une meilleure santé générale
    Better general health
    Moore et al., 2006, de Vries et al., 2003, Maas et al., 2006, Maller et al., 2009 and Mitchell and Popham, 2007)


    Perception de la santé / bien-être
    Perceived health/well-being
    (Sugiyama et al., 2008, de Vries et al., 2003 and Maas et al., 2006)


    La réduction du stress / moins maladies liées au stress / amélioré le fonctionnement physiologique:
    Stress reduction/less stress-related illness/ improved physiological functioning:
    Lottrup et al., 2013, Hansmann et al., 2007, Hartig et al., 2003, Moore, 1982, Parsons et al., 1998, Thompson et al., 2012, Ulrich et al., 1991, Van Den Berg and Custers, 2011, West, 1995 and Yamaguchi et al., 2006)


    Réduction des niveaux de cortisol (indicatives de stress inférieur)
    Reduced cortisol levels (indicative of lower stress)
    Song et al., 2014, Thompson et al., 2012, Van Den Berg and Custers, 2011, Park et al., 2007, Park et al., 2010 and Tsunetsugu et al., 2007)


    Réduction de la pression artérielle
    Reduced blood pressure

    [Pretty et al., 2005; Tsunetsugu et al., 2013; Lee et al., 2014; Maas et al., 2009a–no effect, Song et al., 2014–no effect, Park et al., 2009 and Park et al., 2010; Tsunetsugu et al., 2007]


    Réduction de la mortalité de la maladie circulatoire et respiratoire
    Reduced mortality from circulatory and respiratory disease
    Mitchell and Popham, 2008, Villeneuve et al., 2012 and Lachowycz and Jones, 2014)


    Maux de tête réduit / douleur
    Reduced headaches/pain
    Moore et al., 2006 and Hansmann et al., 2007)


    Réduction de la mortalité due à la privation de revenu. Réduit mortalité d'un AVC
    Reduced mortality due to income deprivation Reduced mortality from stroke

    (Maas et al., 2009a, Maas et al., 2006, de Vries et al., 2003, Mitchell and Popham, 2008 and Wheeler et al., 2012)(Wilker et al., 2014)


    Réduction de la MPOC, les infections des voies respiratoires supérieures, l'asthme, les troubles inflammatoires et d'autres maladies intestinales
    Reduced COPD, upper respiratory tract infections, asthma, other inflammatory disorders and intestinal disease
    Lynch et al., 2014, Rook, 2013, Rook, 2010, Maas et al., 2009a, Haahtela et al., 2013, Hanski et al., 2012, Debarry et al., 2007 and Ege et al., 2011)
     
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  3. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    WHY GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN A REFUGEE SETTLEMENT ? (4/6)
    Peer-reviewed papers (with links) to support the proposition



    Physiologique / Physiological CONTINUED....

    Réduire l'obésité
    Reduced obesity
    Astell-Burt et al., 2014a)–women only, (Pereira et al., 2013a)


    Une guérison plus rapide / récupération de la chirurgie / maladies / traumatismes
    Faster healing/recovery from surgery/illness/trauma
    Ulrich, 1984)


    Amélioration de la récupération de toxicomanie
    Improved addiction recovery
    (Bennett et al., 1998)


    Cardio-vasculaires et les maladies respiratoires réduit
    Reduced cardiovascular and respiratory disease
    [(Pereira et al., 2013a; Richardson and Mitchell, 2010)–men only]


    Pouls / cardiaque réduite
    Reduced pulse/heart rate
    (Cracknell, 2013, Tsunetsugu et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2014, Song et al., 2014, Park et al., 2009, Park et al., 2010 and Tsunetsugu et al., 2007)


    L'activité du nerf sympathique diminué
    Decreased sympathetic nerve activity
    (Tsunetsugu et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2014 and Song et al., 2014)


    L'activité du nerf parasympathique accrue
    Increased parasympathetic nerve activity
    (Tsunetsugu et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2014 and Song et al., 2014)


    Augmentation des niveaux des cellules tueuses naturelles et des protéines de la lutte contre le cancer
    Increased levels of natural killer cells and anti-cancer proteins
    (Li et al., 2008a, Li et al., 2008b and Li et al., 2007)


    Les niveaux de glucose dans le sang a diminué les patients diabétiques
    Decreased blood glucose levels in diabetes patients
    (Ohtsuka et al., 1998)


    Diminuer diabète de type 2
    Decreased Type 2 diabetes
    (Astell-Burt et al., 2014b)


    L'activité physique accrue
    Increased physical activity
    (Bird, 2004, Depledge and Bird, 2009 and Wells et al., 2007)


    Réduction de l'exposition à la pollution
    Reduced exposure to pollution
    (Pretty et al., 2011)


    Accroissement de la longévité
    Increased longevity
    (Takano et al., 2002)


    Amélioration de la santé des enfants
    Better health of children
    (Maas et al., 2009a)


    Réduire les naissances prématurées et de faible poids de naissance
    Reduced preterm births and low birth weight
    (Hystad et al., 2014)


    Générale de la santé / convalescence / meilleure santé près des côtes
    General health/convalescence/better health near coasts
    (Wheeler et al., 2012 and Fortescue Fox and Lloyd, 1938)
     
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  4. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    WHY GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN A REFUGEE SETTLEMENT ? (5/6)
    Peer-reviewed papers (with links) to support the proposition



    L'exposition de la maladie et de la réglementation / Disease exposure and regulation


    Potentiel de réduction incidence des maladies infectieuses
    Potential to reduce incidence of infectious diseases


    Réduction de la propagation / amplification / de certaines maladies infectieuses, y compris certaines maladies zoonotiques
    Reduction in spread/amplification/of some infectious diseases including some zoonotic diseases

    [(Bonds et al., 2012; Derne et al., 2011; Ezenwa et al., 2006; Keesing et al., 2006; Laporta et al., 2013; Pongsiri et al., 2009; Salkeld et al., 2013)–no effect of biodiversity, (Wood and Lafferty, 2013; Ostfeld and Keesing, 2012; Wood et al., 2014)–no general effect of biodiversity]




    Sociaux / Social

    Effet positif à chaque collectivité, ou à l'échelle nationale
    Positive effect at individual community, or national scale


    Augmentation / faciliter l'interaction sociale
    Increased/facilitated social interaction
    (Coley et al., 1997, Kingsley and Townsend, 2006 and Sullivan et al., 2004)


    Permet autonomisation sociale
    Enables social empowerment
    (Westphal, 2003)


    Agression réduit, taux de criminalité, la violence, la peur
    Reduced aggression, crime rates, violence, fear
    (Kuo and Sullivan, 2001b)


    Permet l'interaction interraciale
    Enables interracial interaction
    (Shinew et al., 2004)


    Améliore la cohésion sociale et le soutien social
    Enhances social cohesion and social support
    (Moore et al., 2006, Kingsley and Townsend, 2006 and Maas et al., 2009b)
     
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  5. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    WHY GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN A REFUGEE SETTLEMENT ? (6/6)
    Peer-reviewed papers (with links) to support the proposition



    Esthétique, culturelle, récréative, spirituelle / Esthetic, cultural, recreational, spiritual



    Effet positif sur le bien-être culturel et spirituel
    Positive effect on cultural and spiritual well-being


    L'appréciation esthétique
    Esthetic appreciation
    (Lindemann-Matthies et al., 2010)


    L'inspiration accrue
    Increased inspiration
    (Fredrickson and Anderson, 1999)


    Bien-être spirituel amélioré
    Enhanced spiritual well-beinG
    (Curtin, 2009; Kamitsis and Francis, 2013; Williams and Harvey, 2001)


    La satisfaction accrue de loisirs
    Increased recreational satisfaction
    (Wyles et al., 2014, MacKerron and Mourato, 2013, Bird, 2004 and Schuhmann et al., 2013)





    Matières tangible/physique / Tangible materials

    Marchandises/articles et autres avantages
    Material goods and benefits


    Fourniture de denrées alimentaires, les matières premières, les médicaments, et d'autres valeurs
    Supply of food, raw materials, medicines, and other values
    (Bernstein, 2014, Chivian and Bernstein, 2008, Kaplan, 1973 and TEEB, 2010)


    Contribution au progrès biomédicaux
    Contribution to biomedical advances
    (Bernstein, 2014 and Chivian and Bernstein, 2008)


    Augmentation de la valeur de la propriété / logement; de l'argent
    Increased value of property/housing; money
    (White et al., 2010, TEEB, 2010, Bolitzer and Netusil, 2000, Kroeger, 2008, Melichar and Kaprova, 2013 and Pearson et al., 2002)


    La valeur économique des loisirs
    Economic value of recreation
    (Rees et al., 2010, Shrestha et al., 2007 and Southwick Associates, 2011)





    La résilience accrue / Increased Resiliency

    Capacité personnelle et communautaire pour résister aux chocs et de rester en bonne santé
    Personal and community ability to withstand impacts and remain healthy


    Développement durable / sensibilisation et le comportement pro-environnemental
    Sustainability/pro-environment awareness and behavior
    (Nisbet et al., 2011, Nisbet et al., 2009, Wyles et al., 2014, Mayer and Frantz, 2004 and Wyles et al., 2013)


    Fourniture de services écosystémiques essentiels pour la santé humaine et le bien-être
    Supply of ecosystem services critical for human health and well-being
    (Sandifer and Sutton-Grier, 2014, Diaz et al., 2006 and Haines-Young and Potschin, 2010)


    Fourniture de services écosystémiques qui soutiennent les collectivités et permettent la résilience des communautés
    Supply of ecosystem services that support communities and enable community resilience

    (Sandifer and Sutton-Grier, 2014, Rogers, 2013 and Tzoulas et al., 2007)



    N.B.

    Nature est défini ici au sens large pour inclure les plantes et les autres êtres vivants, les zones naturelles et semi-naturelles, y compris les côtes et les montagnes, les parcs, les forêts, les réserves fauniques, les vues de paysages marins et paysages relativement peu développées.

    Nature is defined broadly here to include plants and other living things, natural and semi-natural areas including coastlines and mountains, parks, forests, wildlife sanctuaries, views of seascapes and relatively undeveloped landscapes.


    SOURCE :

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212041614001648
    Paul A. Sandifer , Ariana E. Sutton-Grier &Bethney P. Ward

    Explorer les liens entre la nature, la biodiversité, les services écosystémiques, et la santé humaine et le bien-être: les possibilités d'améliorer la conservation de la santé et la biodiversité. Ecosystem Services

    Volume 12, April 2015, Pages 1–15


    References:

    Keniger et al., 2013 L.E. Keniger, et al. « What are the benefits of interacting with Nature? » Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 10 (2013), pp. 913–935
     
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  6. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    Some Rough-Sketch Site Designs - based upon Burning Man Festival Site

    - Rough Designs for scaling purposes.
    - Also some images of the Burning Man festival site as a case study

    Flickr Album Burning Man studies and rough designs : https://www.flickr.com/photos/marcusbusby/albums/72157663371881785



    [​IMG]

    Aerial image of Burning Man Festival all credits to Burning Man Festival
    [​IMG]
     
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  7. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    Gallery of Circular and Geometric Urban Designs

    Link to Flickr gallery (including examples of how NOT to do it in my opinion): https://www.flickr.com/photos/marcusbusby/albums/72157661992973160

    Sir Edwin Lutyens, Plan of Imperial Delhi, India, 1912-1930

    [​IMG]
    Sir Edwin Lutyens, Plan of Imperial Delhi, India, 1912-1930

    [​IMG]
    Aerial Photograph of residential area in New Delhi district.


    Auroville - Lavenir Galaxy - India
    [​IMG]
     
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  8. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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  9. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    This model, if applied with IMM Methodology, for urban extension, can be very interesting. Model is based upon complexity, recursion, TOD, Central Place Theory... An approach for Strategic Sprawl Management...? Planned Urban Morphology....? If it were planned with IMM method, and also McHarg exclusion method... it may be heading toward an answer to sprawl, and also how urban extension, without favella or shanty town poverty - more to discuss here...

    [​IMG]

    [​IMG]

    [​IMG]

    Legend / Colour Key is here: https://circlesdesign.blogspot.fr/2015/12/gcot-22-smart-garden-city.html
     
  10. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    From Green Belts to Green Infrastructure? The Evolution of a New Concept in the Emerging Soft Governance of Spatial Strategies

    Instead of Urban Containment; Green Infrastructure for strategic growth, planned expansion, which can include regenerative through restoration agriculture and then it becomes a postive impact for the peri-urban environment..
    This in my opinion would be an example of regenerative urbanism.

    IMM® is International and multidisciplinary Design Laboratory for Urban Sustainability.
    IMM is regenerative urbanism! Integrated Modification Methodology
    https://www.immdesignlab.com/immdesignlab.com/Mission.html

    Journal Article : From Green Belts to Green Infrastructure? The Evolution of a New Concept in the Emerging Soft Governance of Spatial Strategies:
    https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02697451003740213?src=recsys

    Report : The Benefits of Green Infrastructure:
    https://www.forestry.gov.uk/pdf/urg...ILE/urgp_benefits_of_green_infrastructure.pdf
     
  11. Marcus Busby

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    Greenspaces, Hubs, Corridors and Wildlife Bridges, forming the Ecological Urban Metahabitat

    [​IMG]

    [​IMG]

    REPORT : Green Bridges: A literature review (NECR181)

    https://knowledgebase.permaculture....eport-green-bridges-literature-review-necr181

    4 RETURNS FROM LANDSCAPE RESTORATION - A systemic and practical approach to restore degraded landscapes
    https://knowledgebase.permaculture....temic-and-practical-approach-restore-degraded

    JOURNAL ARTICLE : Wildlife-friendly farming increases crop yield: evidence for ecological intensification - The Royal Society
    https://knowledgebase.permaculture....ming-increases-crop-yield-evidence-ecological

    Benefits of Green Infrastructure - Report by Forest Research
    https://knowledgebase.permaculture....s-green-infrastructure-report-forest-research

    Benefits of Green Infrastructure Knowledgebase by Forest Research - Forestry Commission UK:
    https://www.eforestry.gov.uk/forestdss/webpages/bgi/home.jsp
     
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  12. Marcus Busby

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    USEPOTENTIAL WEBSITE - "Our bigger vision is to upscale the most beneficial projects brought to refugees by decentralized NGOs to the system level."

    Website URL: https://www.usepotential.com/


    Mission

    Our mission is to allow for every asylum seeker and refugee to report, use and share their skills to improve the living conditions and mental health of people in exile worldwide.


    Vision

    Our bigger vision is to upscale the most beneficial projects brought to refugees by decentralized NGOs to the system level.

    Using present skills to empower camp populations, dramatically improving resource efficacy and supporting the camps' self-sustainability is the core of UP. But that is just the beginning. Our bigger vision is to help small-scale projects such as bodywork, therapeutic gardening or art activities in camps to upscale their efforts when they are proven to benefit the camp population .

    At UP, we come across countless NGOs, dedicatedly working with displaced people in- and outside refugee camps. We dream of bringing different players together so we can share our experiences and best-practices to develop tools to readily offer those services at systematically in all camps.

    One day refugee camps shall be a place that facilitates skill sharing by providing a space where people from all backgrounds can teach each other what they know best so they return to their homes with enthusiasm and ideas to realize the home they have created in their dreams.

    In Melissa Flemings words: Let's make sure refugees get to thrive, not just survive. (Her TED talk is amazing!)



    If you have your own idea or angle - we'd be thrilled to learn about it! Please get in touch via the contact page.
     
  13. Marcus Busby

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    SWITXBOARD WEBSITE

    Website URL: https://www.switxboard.net/


    "We connect the world’s capacity with the world’s needs

    The global leader in identifying resources and matching them with needs of disadvantaged regions."



    Bridging the gap

    We democratize access to global knowhow by combining the best of global and local resources and networks into a unified ecosystem of innovation within dispossessed communities.

    Overcoming borders

    We connect disadvantaged populations and regions with the opportunities and technologies of the 21st century.


    FOUNDER
    Kilian Kleinschmidt
    Chairman
     
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    Satellite Imagery Interpretation Guide: Displaced Population Camps

    Website URL: https://hhi.harvard.edu/publications/satellite-imagery-interpretation-guide-displaced-population-camps


    Authors:
    Isaac Baker
    Brittany Card
    Nathaniel A. Raymond
    Published:
    Apr 2015


    Satellite Imagery Interpretation Guide: Displaced Population Camps is intended to help address the absence of public and standardized training resources for those seeking to use high resolution satellite imagery in support of refugee/IDP assistance operations. Students, general audiences, and volunteers studying and analyzing satellite imagery of displaced population camps may find this training resource beneficial.

    The guide provides case studies of displaced population camps in East Africa and the Middle East. Dimensions, colors, shapes, and, when possible, unique identifying features of objects, including civilian shelters and humanitarian agency infrastructure, visible in high resolution imagery of the camps are identified. Objects are organized according to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs humanitarian cluster system and three other categories unique to this guide. Imagery provided by Google's Skybox Imaging for the creation of this guide can be explored online by following the directions included inside the report.

    Program:
    Signal Program

    DownloadPDF File
    10,348 KB
     
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  15. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    Lack of green infrastructure and different thought given towards environmental psychology. It does not cost more to do this at the planning stage. With the same budget (20 million Euro) a more sustainable, a regenerative response is attainable.

    "Migrants REFUSE to move into new £20million housing because 'it looks like a prison camp'" Daily Mail, UK.

    [​IMG]

    Read more: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/ar...ing-looks-like-prison-camp.html#ixzz3xJAhPvWG
    Follow us: @MailOnline on Twitter | DailyMail on Facebook


    https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/ar...20million-housing-looks-like-prison-camp.html
     
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  16. Marcus Busby

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    EU chief says Europe's reputation hurt over refugee effort

    BRUSSELS (AP) — The EU's reputation is being damaged worldwide for the failure of member countries to manage the refugee crisis, European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said Friday.

    [​IMG]
    European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker addresses the media at the EU Commission headquarters in Brussels
    on Friday, Jan. 15, 2016.

    January 15, 2016


    Juncker called on nations to host more refugees arriving on Europe's shores, after more than one million migrants entered in 2015. It is unacceptable "that certain member states say they are not going to accept refugees in their countries. That is not possible," he said.

    Juncker said Europe was known as a wealthy, admirable continent but that "now we do appear as being the weakest part, and the poorest part of the world." He said he was embarrassed explaining Europe's migrant problems to leaders of countries like Jordan or Lebanon, which are hosting more than two million refugees.

    SOURCE : https://www.mail.com/int/news/europe/4077130-eu-chief-europes-reputation-hurt-refugee-effort.html#.1272-stage-hero1-7
     
  17. Marcus Busby

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    Permaculture in Refugee Situations

    A Handbook for Sustainable Land Management


    Produced by the UNHCR Engineering and Environmental Services Section in conjunction with the Southern Alliance for Indigenous Resources (SAFIRE)

    February 2001

    A Refugee Permaculture Handbook​
    Link to PDF (automatic download) :

    https://www.google.fr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&ved=0ahUKEwjC_p_Cp6zKAhXM6xoKHX6TCckQFgg8MAM&url=https://postconflict.unep.ch/liberia/displacement/documents/UNHCR_SAFIRE_Permaculture_Refugee_Situations.pdf&usg=AFQjCNEnO0K662H3zZoz0d2zkATDyromhw&bvm=bv.112064104,d.d2s&cad=rja
     
  18. 9anda1f

    9anda1f Administrator Staff Member

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    Marcus, you're doing awesome and very interesting work!
    What about contacting the Burning Man folks to propose a fractal layout for the playa in 2016 as an experiment and test of your designs?
     
  19. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    Hi 9AND1F/Bill

    Presently don't have time/hardware/software resources to present a satisfactory design. Hopefully there is sufficient info presented above for others to consider

    Also, the competition posed by BRCMUP is not connected to Burning Man; the original competition was phrased so as to sound as if it were from the organisers, but Burning Man have since released a statement, along the lines of :

    This competition is not connected to the Burning Man festival in any way, although we encourage innovation.

    Agreed, the opportunity exists to test this kind of urban plan. I have invested a lot of research and design time, and have crunched a lot of numbers which I would be keen discuss/share with an architect / designer wishing to look into this further - the reason, to save time, and also to explain in .

    There is also a significant body of academic material to go with this as the design is in fact very similar to some work the French Government have been funding for the past six years. I have contacted both the head professor and a member of the ministry of transport but received little response, even though my work has by chance advanced their research. Hence I am looking for collaborators.

    Whilst searching for others thinking along similar lines with respects to urban design, I found two people, a Malaysian architect, who trained at CAT in Wales, Mazlin Ghazali, he has been experimenting with what he refers to as "Honeycomb Housing" or "Tesselation Planning" the link to his blog is here: https://tessellar.blogspot.fr/

    [​IMG]

    Mr Ghazali has realised a number of projects. They are different to my proposal, because I place strong emphasis upon green infrastructure for ecosystem services, and combine the principles of green infrastructure, with priciples of landscape ecology, to realise a metahabitat, so that the green spaces are organised in such a way as to function as a coherent whole, even though the patches are fragmented, due to their distribution they still function as a whiole ecosystem, so long as they are connected by corridors/brindges.. It is interesting to note, that the distribution of the green spaces, ie in a recursive/multi-fractal Koch Snowflake is apparently an exact match with the feeding patterns of bumblebee - I was contaced by a Professor Nikolay Bogatyrev, who recognised the pattern.

    Also an american design-engineer, Chris Bence also designed a fractal city layout, this is an excellent example of using recursion for urban design, which I believe can be part of an answer to addressing/managing/mitigating urban sprawl (etalement urbaine) see: https://chrisbence.com/geometrics/fractal_city/

    [​IMG]

    Chris poses the following questions regarding the design:
    • How do you name roads in the most efficient way?
    • How you you give suburban residents backyards they can enjoy?

    Perhaps street naming is managed by using a postal code according to street/transport hierarchy, or to be less robotic, by using names to determine district/arrondissement and the location within each.. much the same as normal street naming.

    In a similar vein I present a template for urban transit, described here.
    [​IMG]

    Green space / back yards are illustrated in the diagrams in previous posts. The model I propose focuses upon communal spaces anbd gardens, common land throughout the settlement. I believe in one respect this is philosophically important, I guess this is reflected in the Agenda 21 recommendations. Private gardens are included in the building plot allocation, which per household, in my proposal is approximately 1300m2 per family. If a building covers a footprint of 300m2 there is 900m2 remaining for private garden, but each plot may be developed differently.

    The focus in this forum thread really I believe, needs to remain on creating a (European) Permaculture response to the refugee situation - the situation created in the middle east by NATO political and military intervention.

    It is easy to go off into discussing city designs, smart cities, garden cities and so forth, many have said "designing a city that is for rich corporations and governments" but again, the successful realisation of this, and any city, if you listen carefully to Professor Nikos Salingaros is the bottom-up realisation, and again, I am certain that this design can satisfy that.



    The problem many new housing developments suffer, i believe, is homogenisation - that is to say, evry new settlement looks the same and functions the same, which in the brutal truth, is poor, you can be in Manchester, Bournemouth, a Parisian suburb and or some other european country and I can guarantee that if you didn't hear an accent or see a number plate on a car to establish where you were, you could not tell the difference - they all look the same and all suffer from poor functionality. HRH Prince Charles says much the same, so I know I'm not alon on this point.

    This results in homogenised street architecture, with heterogenic street plans. The result is confusion. They are difficult to navigate because of the random street planning AND difficult to navigate because every buildiung looks the same. Because they are not transit orintated, but based upon an 85 year old design by General Motors, or an architect working for general motors, to ensure maximum car dependency and maximum social fragmentation so as to sell more consumer goods. This is a result of the 1929 Worlds Fair, conceived by Edward Bernays - to present a technocentric vision of the future taht ensured consumer culture...

    The opposite of this, may be more homogeneric street plans, with highly diverse street architecture - that is, all self and custoim builds, all buildings unique and one-off - this brings the opportunity to the maximum in 'sense of place' and 'identity.' In terms of environmental psychology this works extremely well, in the realisytion of subconscious motivations - those described by Abraham Maslow. In fact the design i pose, is designed to assist the realisation of human motivations. Hence at the outset of this forum thread, you will find the later version of Maslow's hierachy of human motivation.

    Why is this relevant. many many reasons. One, it was the reversion of this taht was used by Edward Bernays to designa consuler culture - so he actually preyed upon people using psychological theory derived from his uncle Sigmund Freud who had been researching fundamental human drives. They they set about creating consumleris, funded by the large corporations, this was the beginning of Public Relations and Marketing...

    Also we can use Maslow's work to define a design brief, for the optimal humlan environment. This is also why environmental psychology is sooo important. What is our optimal environment? Sandifer et al 2015 demonstrate easily that it is nature. In fact urbanism is a relative recent disorder... designed, perhaps out of ignorance to further separate man from nature...

    Plenty of literature and scientific journals and scriptures to back up the above...


    1 Cor 12:12 same is true of the EU: Unity in Diversity
     
    Last edited: Jan 20, 2016
  20. OptimisticCynic

    OptimisticCynic New Member

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    How could you implement your design in a narrow, winding valley with cliffs on both sides? Or even just on a steep slope?
     
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